ANALISIS STRUKTUR PAIRED STONES DAN VEGETASI DALAM PENGENDALIAN EROSI DI BENDUNGAN JLANTAH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32699/jiars.v15i2.10536Keywords:
Bioteknologi; Pengendalian Erosi; Paired Stones; Vegetasi; Stabilitas TanahAbstract
Penelitian ini dilakukan sebagai respons tingginya laju erosi tanah di daerah rawan longsor sekitar Bendungan Jlantah, Karanganyar, yang dipicu interaksi faktor lingkungan dan aktivitas antropogenik, berimplikasi pada kerusakan ekosistem dan penurunan produktivitas lahan. Tujuan utama riset ini adalah mengembangkan teknik bioteknologi cerdas paired stones mengintegrasikan struktur batu berpasangan dengan vegetasi untuk mencapai pengendalian erosi yang efektif dan berkelanjutan serta meningkatkan stabilitas tanah. Metode yang digunakan meliputi analisis korelasi Pearson untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara kerapatan vegetasi, kemiringan lereng dan laju erosi, serta pengembangan model matematis laju erosi. Pelaksanaan eksperimen selama empat bulan dilakukan pada lereng kritis kemiringan 30°- 45°, melibatkan pemasangan paired stones batu vulkanik dan penanaman Vetiver. Meskipun karakteristik tanah menunjukkan kerentanan erosi tinggi (tekstur liat berpasir, pH masam-sedang dan bahan organik rendah), tanaman Vetiver menunjukkan adaptasi sangat baik dengan persentase hidup di atas 90%. Hasil komparasi menunjukkan efektivitas tertinggi pada kombinasi (paired stones + Vetiver), mencapai penurunan laju erosi sebesar 74,2% dengan kehilangan tanah hanya 18,7 ton/ha/tahun. Perlakuan ini melampaui efektivitas paired stones saja 55,1% dan Vetiver saja 45%, dibandingkan area kontrol 72,4 ton/ha/tahun. Secara keseluruhan, teknik paired stones dinilai adaptif, ramah lingkungan, ekonomis dan berkelanjutan, sehingga layak direplikasi sebagai solusi pengelolaan sumber daya alam.
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