Comparative Analysis of the Effectiveness of Zakat and Government Programs in Reducing Poverty in Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59579/7hczmn73Keywords:
Zakat Effectiveness; Poverty Alleviation; Social DevelopmentAbstract
The issue of poverty in Indonesia is a multidimensional challenge that requires a comprehensive approach to address it. This research aims to answer this problem by comparing the effectiveness of zakat and government programs in Indonesia's context of poverty reduction. The method used in this research is a qualitative and quantitative approach with comparative analysis to compare the effectiveness of zakat and government programs involving data triangulation to reduce bias and increase confidence in the research results. The results show that zakat has great potential in alleviating poverty and supporting sustainable socio-economic development in Indonesia. Through efficient management and collaboration with government programs, zakat can improve people's welfare and reduce inequality. Integrating zakat and the state budget expands the intervention scope, including empowering low-income people through training, education, and business development. The synergy between zakat and government programs, strengthened by coordination and inclusive approach, can contribute significantly to creating a prosperous and poverty-free society. This is the concept of maqāṣid asy-syarīah, which aims to achieve the welfare of humanity in both worldly and ukhrawi aspects.
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Miah, Ayub. “Effectiveness of Zakat-Based Poverty Alleviation Program.” International Journal of Zakat 6, no. 2 (2021): 27–42.
Mirzal, Husnul. “Conditional Cash Transfers Model of Zakat Distribution for Managing Covid-19 Impact on Health and Education Sectors.” International Journal of Zakat 6, no. 3 (2021): 55–68.
Mubtadi, Novendi Arkham, and Dewi Susilowati. “Analysis of Governance and Efficiency on Zakat Distribution: Evidence from Indonesia.” International Journal of Zakat 3, no. 2 (2018): 1–15.
Muhammad, Izlawanie. “Analysis of Zakat System in High-Income Islamic Countries.” The Journal of Muamalat and Islamic Finance Research, 2019, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.33102/jmifr.v16i2.219.
Ninghardjanti, Patni, Wiedy Murtini, Aniek Hindrayani, and Khresna B Sangka. “Evaluation of the Smart Indonesia Program as a Policy to Improve Equality in Education.” Sustainability 15, no. 6 (2023): 5114.
Prayitno, Hengky S H, Dwi Budi Santoso, and Marlina Ekawaty. “The Impact of Social Safety Net Programs on Poor Household Income.” JEJAK: Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Kebijakan 11, no. 2 (2018): 244–62.
Putri, Depi, Zulkipli Lessy, and Robeet Thadi. “Implementing Family Hope Program in Increasing Health and Education for the Very Poor Household.” Empati: Jurnal Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial 11, no. 1 (2022): 17–25.
Rahmani, Zikri, Rozi Rozi, Eka Fitriyanti, M Iqbal, and Suud Sarim Karimullah. “Implementation of Sharia Economic Principles in the Globalization Era.” ASY SYAR’IYYAH: JURNAL ILMU SYARI’AH DAN PERBANKAN ISLAM 8, no. 2 (2023): 185–200. https://doi.org/10.32923/asy.v8i2.3516.
Rahmi, Rahmi, and Ulfia Ulfia. “Implementation of the Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) in Reducing Poverty and Preventing School Dropouts in Regions Great Aceh.” JURNAL SERAMBI ILMU 23, no. 1 (2022): 141–50.
Sawmar, Abdulsalam Ahmed, and Mustafa Omar Mohammad. “Governance of Formal Zakat Institution in Saudi Arabia.” International Journal of Zakat 4, no. 2 (2019): 23–40.
Shirazi, Nasim Shah. “Integrating Zakat and Waqf into the Poverty Reduction Strategy of the IDB Member Countries.” دراسات اقتصادية إسلامية 130, no. 1155 (2014): 1–30.
Uddin, Hafiz Rafi, Imam Hanafi, Tarisa Fitriani, and Nisa Maulia Rahmah. “Implementation of Zakat Savings Member of Sharia Financial Services Cooperative (Kjks) for Economic Empowerment of Small and Medium Enterprises in Semarang In 2021.” In 6th International Conference on Education & Social Sciences (ICESS 2021), 133–38. Atlantis Press, 2021.
Usman, Jaelan, Muhammad Rusydi, and Mahnoor Farooq. “National Program, Local Response: Dynamic of Unconditional Cash Transfer Distribution to Poor Families in Maros Regency, Indonesia.” Journal of Government and Civil Society 6, no. 2 (2022): 227–45.
Zulkifli, Muhammad Faris, Roshaiza Taha, Mohd Nazli MOHD NOR, and Azwadi Ali. “Combating Poverty in Malaysia: The Role of Zakat.” The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business 8, no. 5 (2021): 505–13.
Al-Ayubi, Solahuddin, and Bayu Taufiq Possumah. “Examining the Efficiency of Zakat Management: Indonesian Zakat Institutions Experiences.” International Journal of Zakat 3, no. 1 (2018): 37–55.
ANDAYANA, Made N D. “Evaluation of the Implementation of the Family Hope Program (PKH) in Poverty Alleviation.” Integration: Journal Of Social Sciences And Culture 1, no. 2 (2023): 145–57.
Andi, Ferry Afi. “Analysis of National Health Insurance towards a Universal Health Insurance.” Kajian Ekonomi Dan Keuangan 19, no. 1 (2015): 63–78.
Anindya, Kanya, John Tayu Lee, Barbara McPake, Siswanto Agus Wilopo, Christopher Millett, and Natalie Carvalho. “Impact of Indonesia’s National Health Insurance Scheme on Inequality in Access to Maternal Health Services: A Propensity Score Matched Analysis.” Journal of Global Health 10, no. 1 (2020).
Astutik, Lilis Hidayati Yuli, Iffatin Nur, and Mashuri Mashuri. “Family Expectation and Poverty Alleviation Program: Approaches to Family Development Laws, Sustainable Development Goals, and Maqāṣid Sharīa.” Justicia Islamica 19, no. 1 (2022): 38–56.
Bangun, Heriana, Matias Siagian, and Humaizi Humaizi. “The Effectiveness of the Ministry of Social Family’s Hope Program (Program Keluarga Harapan) in Increasing the Welfare of the District of Medan Johor.” International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 6, no. 4 (2019): 125–34.
Bashori, Akmal, Arif Sugitanata, and Suud Sarim Karimullah. “Dekonstruksi Pemaknaan Mualaf Sebagai Penerima Zakat Di Indonesia.” DIKTUM: Jurnal Syariah Dan Hukum 22, no. 1 (2024): 11–23. https://doi.org/10.35905/diktum.v22i1.5027.
Çarkoğlu, Ali. “Religion and Philanthropy in Turkey.” In Philanthropy in the Muslim World, 213–31. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2023. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781035306572.00021.
Djulius, Horas, Xiao Lixian, Arnanda Novia Lestari, and Septiawan Fajar Eryanto. “The Impact of a Poor Family Assistance Program on Human Development in Indonesia.” Review of Integrative Business and Economics Research 11, no. 4 (2022): 59–70.
Faizin, Mu’adil, Suud Sarim Karimullah, Bhismoadi Tri Wahyu Faizal, and Ihsan Helmi Lubis. “Development of Zakat Distribution in the Disturbance Era.” Jurnal Ilmiah Mizani: Wacana Hukum, Ekonomi Dan Keagamaan 10, no. 2 (2024): 186–97. https://doi.org/10.29300/mzn.v10i2.2997.
Insani, Nur, Zumiyati Sanu Ibrahim, Suud Sarim Karimullah, Yavuz Gönan, and Sulastri Sulastri. “Empowering Muslim Women: Bridging Islamic Law and Human Rights with Islamic Economics.” De Jure: Jurnal Hukum Dan Syar’iah 16, no. 1 (2024): 88–117. https://doi.org/10.18860/j-fsh.v16i1.26159.
Islam, Universitas, Negeri Ar-Raniry, Banda Aceh, Teuku Zulfikar, and Bismi Khalidin. “Digital-Based Information System of Zakat Management in Indonesia: Strategies for Increasing Revenue in Fiqh Muamalah Perspectives.” Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Dan Hukum Islam 6, no. 2 (October 2022): 614–33. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v6i2.11960.
Karimullah, Suud Sarim. “Exploration of Maqasid Al-Shariah Concepts in the Development of Islamic Economic Policies.” Mu’amalah: Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah 2, no. 2 (2023): 153–72. https://doi.org/10.32332/muamalah.v2i2.7747.
———. “Konsep Dan Implementasi Zakat Untuk Pelestarian Lingkungan.” DIRHAM: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam 6, no. 1 (2025): 51–65. https://doi.org/10.53990/dirham.v6i1.396.
Karimullah, Suud Sarim, Nanda Ahmad Basuki, Arif Sugitanata, and Siti Aminah. “The Concept of Nāfaqah in Islamic Law and Women’s Right to Financial Support.” El-Izdiwaj: Indonesian Journal of Civil and Islamic Family Law 5, no. 2 (2024): 222–42. https://doi.org/10.24042/el-izdiwaj.v5i2.23534.
Karimullah, Suud Sarim, and Lilyan Eka Mahesti. “Tinjauan Maqashid Al-Syariah Terhadap Perilaku Berutang Masyarakat Desa Sukawangi Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19.” Tahkim 4, no. 1 (2021): 79–98. https://doi.org/10.29313/tahkim.v4i1.7274.
Karimullah, Suud Sarim, and Rozi Rozi. “Rethinking Halal: Exploring the Complexity of Halal Certification and Its Socio-Economic Implications.” Al-Bayan: Jurnal Hukum Dan Ekonomi Islam 3, no. 2 (2023): 102–21. https://stainwsamawa.ac.id/jurnal/index.php/al-bayan/article/view/170.
Khotimah, Umi Khusnul. “Filantropi Zakat: Solusi Stabilitas Ekonomi Syariah Di Tengah Pandemi Covid 19.” Al-Mizan: Jurnal Hukum Dan Ekonomi Islam 4, no. 2 (2020): 35–55.
Kusuma, Kumara Adji, and Muhamad Nafik Hadi Ryandono. “Zakah Index: Islamic Economics’ Welfare Measurement.” Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies 6, no. 2 (2016): 273–301.
Lubis, Muharman, and Anik Hanifatul Azizah. “Towards Achieving the Efficiency in Zakat Management System: Interaction Design for Optimization in Indonesia.” In User Science and Engineering: 5th International Conference, i-USEr 2018, Puchong, Malaysia, August 28–30, 2018, Proceedings 5, 289–301. Springer, 2018.
Manara, Ajeng Sonial, Arif Rachman Eka Permata, and R Gatot Heru Pranjoto. “Strategy Model for Increasing the Potential of Zakat through the Crowdfunding-Zakat System to Overcome Poverty in Indonesia.” International Journal of Zakat 3, no. 4 (2018): 17–31.
Miah, Ayub. “Effectiveness of Zakat-Based Poverty Alleviation Program.” International Journal of Zakat 6, no. 2 (2021): 27–42.
Mirzal, Husnul. “Conditional Cash Transfers Model of Zakat Distribution for Managing Covid-19 Impact on Health and Education Sectors.” International Journal of Zakat 6, no. 3 (2021): 55–68.
Mubtadi, Novendi Arkham, and Dewi Susilowati. “Analysis of Governance and Efficiency on Zakat Distribution: Evidence from Indonesia.” International Journal of Zakat 3, no. 2 (2018): 1–15.
Muhammad, Izlawanie. “Analysis of Zakat System in High-Income Islamic Countries.” The Journal of Muamalat and Islamic Finance Research, 2019, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.33102/jmifr.v16i2.219.
Ninghardjanti, Patni, Wiedy Murtini, Aniek Hindrayani, and Khresna B Sangka. “Evaluation of the Smart Indonesia Program as a Policy to Improve Equality in Education.” Sustainability 15, no. 6 (2023): 5114.
Prayitno, Hengky S H, Dwi Budi Santoso, and Marlina Ekawaty. “The Impact of Social Safety Net Programs on Poor Household Income.” JEJAK: Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Kebijakan 11, no. 2 (2018): 244–62.
Putri, Depi, Zulkipli Lessy, and Robeet Thadi. “Implementing Family Hope Program in Increasing Health and Education for the Very Poor Household.” Empati: Jurnal Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial 11, no. 1 (2022): 17–25.
Rahmani, Zikri, Rozi Rozi, Eka Fitriyanti, M Iqbal, and Suud Sarim Karimullah. “Implementation of Sharia Economic Principles in the Globalization Era.” ASY SYAR’IYYAH: JURNAL ILMU SYARI’AH DAN PERBANKAN ISLAM 8, no. 2 (2023): 185–200. https://doi.org/10.32923/asy.v8i2.3516.
Rahmi, Rahmi, and Ulfia Ulfia. “Implementation of the Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) in Reducing Poverty and Preventing School Dropouts in Regions Great Aceh.” JURNAL SERAMBI ILMU 23, no. 1 (2022): 141–50.
Sawmar, Abdulsalam Ahmed, and Mustafa Omar Mohammad. “Governance of Formal Zakat Institution in Saudi Arabia.” International Journal of Zakat 4, no. 2 (2019): 23–40.
Shirazi, Nasim Shah. “Integrating Zakat and Waqf into the Poverty Reduction Strategy of the IDB Member Countries.” دراسات اقتصادية إسلامية 130, no. 1155 (2014): 1–30.
Uddin, Hafiz Rafi, Imam Hanafi, Tarisa Fitriani, and Nisa Maulia Rahmah. “Implementation of Zakat Savings Member of Sharia Financial Services Cooperative (Kjks) for Economic Empowerment of Small and Medium Enterprises in Semarang In 2021.” In 6th International Conference on Education & Social Sciences (ICESS 2021), 133–38. Atlantis Press, 2021.
Usman, Jaelan, Muhammad Rusydi, and Mahnoor Farooq. “National Program, Local Response: Dynamic of Unconditional Cash Transfer Distribution to Poor Families in Maros Regency, Indonesia.” Journal of Government and Civil Society 6, no. 2 (2022): 227–45.
Zulkifli, Muhammad Faris, Roshaiza Taha, Mohd Nazli MOHD NOR, and Azwadi Ali. “Combating Poverty in Malaysia: The Role of Zakat.” The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business 8, no. 5 (2021): 505–13.
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2025-09-29
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“Comparative Analysis of the Effectiveness of Zakat and Government Programs in Reducing Poverty in Indonesia”. 2025. At-Ta’awun : Jurnal Mu’amalah Dan Hukum Islam 4 (2): 1-42. https://doi.org/10.59579/7hczmn73.
