SPEKTRA: Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan Sains

POTENSIAL COMBINATION OF MATOA LEAF EXTRACT (Pometia pinnata) AND MORINGA LEAF EXTRACT (Moringa oleifera) AS ANTIDIABETIC IN ALLOXAN-INDUCED MICE (Mus musculus)

Siti Haryani Muayadah — Tue, 30 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease whose prevalence continues to increase globally. Plant-based alternative therapy is becoming an increasingly popular option due to its minimal side effects. This study aims to test the potential of a combination of matoa (Pometia pinnata) and Moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf extracts as an antidiabetic in alloxan-induced male mice (Mus musculus). The study was conducted experimentally with five treatment groups, including negative control, positive control, and three groups of extract combination doses (100, 225, and 300 mg/kg BB). Phytochemical tests showed the content of active compounds alkaloids, flavonoids, and steroids in the combination of extracts. Blood glucose level test results showed that the combination dose of 300 mg/kg BB (Dose III) was able to reduce blood glucose levels significantly and had comparable effectiveness with glibenclamide as a standard drug. Statistical analysis (One Way ANOVA and Post Hoc Bonferroni) confirmed that Dose III showed a significant difference compared to the lower dose, and was not significantly different from the positive control. These findings suggest that the combination of matoa and moringa leaf extracts has potential as a natural antidiabetic agent.

IMPLEMENTATION OF INTEGRATED PJBL-STEM AND SEL TO ENHANCE STUDENTS CREATIVE THINKING SKILLS

Amelia Novita Sari, Agung Mulyo Setiawan — Tue, 30 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The ability to think creatively is a necessary skill for students as a basis for thinking, with indicators of fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration. Therefore, a learning design is needed as a solution to train students' abilities in generating many ideas smoothly, providing unique ideas, and relating their learning experiences as 21st century competencies. This study aims to describe the implementation process of PjBL-STEM integrated with SEL using a mini-planetarium product and analyze its impact on improving students creative thinking skills during the learning process. This research is a case study with a single case design, which consists of determining and defining questions, determining research design and instruments, determining techniques and collecting research data, and making a final report. Data collection techniques were conducted through interviews, observations, and student questionnaires. The research instruments used were interview guidelines, learning implementation observation sheets, and student reflection questionnaires. Data analysis techniques were carried out by applying qualitative descriptive analysis and percentage calculation. Based on the data analysis, the fluency indicator was very good with a percentage of 89%, the flexibility indicator was very good with a percentage of 81%, the originality indicator was quite good with a percentage of 74%, and the elaboration indicator was also quite good with a percentage of 71%. Based on the research results, the implementation of PjBL-STEM integrated with SEL impacted the improvement of students creative thinking skills.

EXPLORING THE ESD-INTEGRATED PHYSICS E-MODULES NEEDS OF CULTIVATING HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS' SUSTAINABILITY AWARENESS ABOUT GLOBAL WARMING IN WETLAND ECOSYSTEMS

Tue, 30 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The aim of this research is to identify the gaps in technology integration, sustainability awareness, and teaching materials in the context of physics education. A descriptive quantitative approach was employed, involving 45 high school students and 3 physics teachers at a state high school in Ogan Komering Ulu Timur, as well as relevant teaching documents. Data collection techniques included questionnaires, document studies, and sustainability awareness assessments. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to analyze the data. The results revealed low integration of technology in physics learning, limited sustainability awareness among students, and insufficient alignment of teaching materials with sustainability topics. These findings underscore the urgent need for the development of ESD-integrated physics e-modules that bridge these gaps. It is concluded that such e-modules could significantly enhance students’ understanding of global warming and its impact on wetland ecosystems. The study recommends further development of technology-based teaching tools, teacher training programs, and the creation of relevant educational materials to improve sustainability awareness among students.

UTILIZATION OF INDUCTION HEATING IN ELECTRIC STOVE APPLICATION

Tue, 30 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Electric stoves with the concept of electromagnetic induction use coils to generate magnetic fluxes that can conduct heat. This study aimed to determine how induction-based electric stoves work and the effect of working coil variants on the electromotive force of induction and the temperature of water when cooked. The research method used was an experiment with data analysis using simple and multiple linear regression. The results showed that induction-based electric stoves utilize eddy currents that arise when a ferromagnetic conductor material is placed in the working coil, thus producing heat for cooking. The effect of the working coil on the electromotive force of induction and the temperature of water when cooking uses three working coil variants, namely enamel wire with a diameter of 0.5 mm with a length of 80 m, a diameter of 0.5 with a length of 112 m and a diameter of 1.5 mm with a length of 8 m. After testing, the results showed that the coil variant with a diameter of 0.5 mm and a length of 80 m had a strong influence on the induced emf, and the coil variant with a diameter of 0.5 and a length of 112 m had a substantial impact on the temperature of the water when cooked. This study implies that optimizing the coil configuration, such as using a 0.5 mm diameter enamel wire with a length of 80 m for the induced electromotive force and a 0.5 mm diameter wire with a length of 112 m to increase the water temperature, can improve the efficiency and performance of induction-based electric stoves.