SPEKTRA: Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan Sains

ASSESSING INVENTIVE THINKING USING RASCH MODEL

2025-04-30T11:36:55+07:00

This study aims to analyze the inventive thinking of students in the chemistry education study program at Sriwijaya University using Rasch modeling. This study is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional study design. This study was conducted at the Chemistry Education Study Program, FKIP Sriwijaya University. The subjects of this study consisted of 159 students from 3 active student classes of the chemistry education study program in 2024. The results of the study were analyzed using the RASCH Model with the help of the WINSTEP application, namely 1) Validity analysis (Person and item fit) shows that the Person/item fit Mean Square (MNSQ) for the inventive thinking instrument is in the range of 0.5-1.5 so that it is included in the category of "productive to use," while the reliability analysis (Person and item reliability) shows the results that r> 0.91 so that it is reliable; 2) Inventive thinking analysis (Person measure analysis) shows the results that there are 135 participants who fit/meet the Rasch modeling criteria; 3) Analysis of data bias between student generations (DIF analysis) shows that DIF only occurs in item KV3, where the probability is <0.05. This indicates that item KV3 is detrimental or beneficial to a particular generation; 4) Analysis of the science-related attitude and inventive thinking categories (Logit value of person) shows that 4.06% are in the high category, 94.3% are in the medium category, and 1.64% are in the low category; 5) Analysis of differences in inventive thinking between generations (Independent t-test) shows that the calculated t is smaller than the t table value, so there is no significant difference. The results of this study can conclude that there is no significant difference in inventive thinking ability between student levels, and most students are in the medium category.

THE VALIDITY AND FEASIBILITY OF A HANDBOOK ON THE PROPERTIES OF LIGHT AND REFLECTIONS INTEGRATED WITH 1-SIDE HOLOGRAM LEARNING MEDIA FOR MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS

2025-04-30T11:24:53+07:00

Based on the needs analysis conducted by the researcher, we found that 71% of students had difficulty with the properties of light and reflection material, and 75% of students preferred innovative books integrated with learning media over conventional books that were often used by teachers. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a handbook on the properties of light and reflection, which is integrated with 1-side hologram media. The purpose of this study was to develop and analyze the level of validity and feasibility of this handbook. The method used to develop the handbook is the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate). To obtain the validity and feasibility, the instruments were developed and distributed to expert validators, teachers, and students. We succeeded develop the handbook and it was declared valid with a percentage of 81.5% and 95.2% from the material and media aspects. This product was also declared feasible with a percentage of 81.4% and 92.9% according to students and teachers. Therefore, these results indicate that the handbook on the properties of light and reflection integrated with 1-side hologram media has been declared valid and feasible to use in middle school students.

METACOGNITION-BASED DISCOVERY LEARNING: EFFECTS ON CRITICAL THINKING AND COGNITIVE ABILITY IN DYNAMIC FLUID STUDY

2025-04-30T11:58:47+07:00

This research aims to investigate the effectiveness of metacognition-based discovery learning models in improving students' critical thinking skills and cognitive abilities as well as the relationship between the two variables on dynamic fluid materials. This research uses a quasi-experimental quantitative method with a nonequivalent control group design. The population of this research is all grade XI students in one of the State High Schools in Bandung City. The sample of this research was obtained using the convenience sampling technique, obtained from class XI-2 as the experimental class and class XI-4 as the control class. The instrument used to measure cognitive ability is multiple-choice test questions with 13 questions, while to measure critical thinking skills, multiple-choice test questions with 7 questions are used. The data analysis technique uses N-Gain, effect size, linear regression, and correlation analysis. The results of the research showed that there was a difference in improving cognitive ability and critical thinking skills. For the experimental class, N-Gain was obtained of 0.70 and 0.68, respectively, which was a greater increase compared to the control class, namely with N-Gain values of 0.44 and 0.36, respectively. The metacognition-based discovery learning model has an impact on improving students' cognitive abilities and critical thinking skills with effect size values of 1.83 and 1.85 respectively with high categories. Cognitive ability is quite influential in improving critical thinking skills with a correlation coefficient of 0.40.

IMPLEMENTATION OF A GI TYPE COOPERATIVE LEARNING MODEL ASSISTED WITH SPACE 4D+ AR PLAYING CARD TO IMPROVE COGNITIVE LEARNING OUTCOMES OF PEKANBARU NEGERI 4 SMP STUDENTS ON EARTH AND SOLAR SYSTEM MATERIALS

2025-04-30T08:11:01+07:00

This article aims to improve students' cognitive learning outcomes by applying the group investigation cooperative learning model assisted by space 4d+ augmented reality playing cards and to test whether there are differences in the cognitive learning outcomes of students who apply the group investigation cooperative learning model assisted by space 4d+ augmented reality playing cards with students who do not apply the group investigation cooperative learning model assisted by space 4d+ augmented reality playing cards. The target is class VII students at SMP Negeri 4 Pekanbaru for the 2022/2023 academic year, which consists of 10 classes and a total of 392 students. Data collection techniques were obtained through posttests. The results of the descriptive analysis of students' cognitive learning outcomes showed that the average difference between the experimental class and the control class was positive at 18.6. space 4d+ augmented reality playing card with classes using conventional methods with a confidence level of 95%

IMPROVEMENT OF STUDENTS' SCIENCE PROCESS SKILLS IN SCAFFOLDING-BASED PROBLEM BASED LEARNING ON THE MATERIAL OF TRAVELLING WAVES AND STATIONARY WAVES

2025-05-15T15:09:41+07:00

The following study aims to investigate the improvement of students' science process skills in problem-based learning based on scaffolding, especially in the material of traveling waves and stationary waves. Using a quantitative method, the study included 35 students in class XI IPA from a public high school in Sukabumi city, which was determined using purposive sampling. The data collection process used pretest and posttest administered through science process skill assessment instrument. The N-Gain test was used to analyze the data. The study showed that there was a significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores after treatment, indicating an increase in students' science process skills supported by the normalized N-Gain value which was included in the moderate category. The increase in science process skills for indicators of observing, communicating, and concluding is categorized as moderate. While the increase for indicators of classifying, measuring, and predicting is categorized as high.

THE GLOBAL RESEARCH MAPPING ON ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS IN EDUCATION: BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS 2015-2025

2025-05-13T21:01:08+07:00

Although many studies have discussed the relationship between education and environmental awareness, there are still some research gaps that need attention. For example, there is no comprehensive mapping that illustrates global research trends on environmental awareness in education. The urgency of this research lies in the attempt to address the gaps in academic literature, especially the lack of studies that systematically map global research trends on environmental awareness in education. This study aims to analyse global trends in research on environmental awareness in education based on scientific publications during the period 2015-2025. This study uses a bibliometric approach. Research data is collected from the main database, namely Scopus. There are inclusion and exclusion criteria in this study. Environmental awareness in education is closely related to various aspects, including attitudes, behaviour, and sustainability policies. There are 5 main topics related to environmental awareness, namely Environmental Awareness and Environmental Education, Sustainability and Sustainable Development, Consumer Environmental Awareness and Pro-Environmental Behaviour, Environmental Attitudes and Environmental Performance, Environmental Sustainability in Education. Improving environmental education is very important to prepare future generations who are more concerned about the environment and are ready to face the challenges of sustainability. Recommendations that can be applied in the context of education in Indonesia are the integration of environmental education in the curriculum, an experience-based learning approach, encouraging pro-environmental behaviour in society, collaboration with global institutions and the use of digital technology in environmental education.

EVALUATION OF STUDENT ABILITY IN DRAWING CONCEPT MAPS: A STUDY OF CONCEPT MAP STRUCTURE AND QUALITY

2025-05-13T20:59:19+07:00

Concept maps are an effective tool in the learning process, enabling students to organise and structure information into a unified whole. Although there has been much research on concept maps as a learning tool, there is still limited research specifically analysing the structural patterns of concept maps and relating them to students‘ conceptual understanding or abilities. This study aims to analyse students’ abilities in constructing concept maps. This study is a quantitative descriptive study. The sample of this study were 16 students who took the basic science education course. The sample was selected using purposive sampling, namely students who had received basic chemistry material. The concept maps that had been made were then analysed based on the structural pattern used (hierarchical, network, linear, mixed) using an assessment rubric. Quantitative descriptive analysis was used to see the distribution of the pattern of students' concept maps in the form of averages, frequencies, percentages and graphic visualisations for each aspect measured in the concept maps. Based on the results of data analysis in this study, it can be concluded that most students use a hierarchical pattern (38%), followed by a network pattern (31%), a mixed pattern (25%), and a linear pattern (6%). The majority of students (62.5%) had an understanding in the very good category, 6.25% in the good category, and 12.5% in the lacking category. No students were in the very lacking category.

AK ETHNOSCIENCE APPROACH TO MEASURE CREATIVE THINKING SKILLS PROFILE

2025-06-05T06:47:30+07:00

The urgency of research on creative thinking skills as a 21st century skill requirement for low-category high school students. The aim of the research is to determine the profile of creative thinking skills using an ethnoscience approach. The quasi-experimental method used 3 high schools with different cultural backgrounds (SMA A: City category, SMA B: Middle category, SMA C: Village category). Data collection of the Torrance Creative Thinking Test (TTCT) of 10 essay questions. Descriptive analysis techniques to determine the process of science reconstruction and the profile of creative thinking skills. The results showed that there were differences in the reconstruction and profile of students in the middle category of SMA B, the highest compared to SMA A (City) and SMA C (Village). Differences in cultural background greatly affect efforts to understand science through meaningful learning resources of ethnoscience. This approach has the opportunity and perspective of students in understanding scientific issues that are developing in society.

EFFECTIVENESS OF AQUAPARTBOX NATURAL SCIENCE IIC IN SUBSTANCE AND PARTICLE MODEL SUB MATERIAL CLASS 7

2025-06-19T11:24:02+07:00

Laboratory work by using laboratory equipment. It is important to develop simple and affordable laboratory equipment for learning natural science. It is expected that the learning laboratory work will increase from 15% to almost all learners achieve. Due to this condition, students could not understand the phenomenon of natural science. Therefore, the purpose of the research 1) to design a tool for laboratory work, AquapartBox IIC 2) to measure the chances of student achievement with interaction of AquapartBox IIC. IIC was developed using the ADDIE model development research method (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). Based on the analysis, there is potential for developing natural science IIC instructional media. At the design stage, a sketch was produced which became the basis for the development of the IIC. At the development stage, the AquapartBox IIC and learning tools were validated and tested. The validators consist of a biology lecturer, a physics lecturer and a science teacher. At this stage students are given a pre-test and post-test. The pretest score obtained was 80.14 and the posttest score obtained was 87.6. This second value is included in calculating the NGain calculation, the N-Gain obtained is 0.38. Next, a final evaluation was carried out by teachers (4.15) and students (3.89) which showed that IIC was effective.

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY TEST OF BANANA PEEL ESSENTIAL OIL AGAINST ESCHERICHIA COLI (E. COLI) BACTERIA IN BIOCHEMISTRY LABORATORYUM

2025-06-19T11:22:05+07:00

A study on the antibacterial activity of essential oil from banana peel was conducted. The research was conducted in a span of two months starting from sample collection, sample distillation process, and testing the antibacterial activity of essential oil. This study was conducted to determine the antibacterial activity of banana peel essential oil as a natural antibacterial against Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria considering the resistance of synthetic antibacterials to pathogenic bacteria. Isolation of essential oil in banana peel using steam distillation method and antibacterial activity test using disc paper method. The distilled essential oil was purified using anhydrous sodium sulphate (Na₂SO₄) to separate the oil from water and other impurities without affecting the purity of the essential oil. The results of the antibacterial activity test of banana peel essential oil against Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria with a concentration of 50% obtained an inhibition zone of 10.5 mm and at a concentration of 25% of 9.1 mm including the medium category. More than 50% of banana peel essential oil is thought to be more effective because at that concentration level, antibacterial compounds that have potential as antibacterial agents have reached sufficient levels.

THE INFLUENCE OF SCIENCE, ENVIRONMENT, TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY MODELS (SETS) ON ENVIRONMENTAL LITERACY IN ELEMENTARY SCIENCE LEARNING

2025-06-19T11:23:14+07:00

This research aims to determine the effect of implementing the Environment, Technology and Society Science learning model on Environmental Literacy in science learning in elementary schools. This research uses a Quasy Experimental Design and a form of research using Non-equivalent Design. The population of this study was 75 people, the research sample for class VA was 37 people and VB was 38 using a saturated sampling technique. Data collection techniques use interviews and observation. This research instrument uses multiple choice tests and questionnaires. This research data analysis technique uses tests of validity, reliability, level of difficulty, distinguishability, normality, homogeneity. Hypothesis testing uses paired sample t test and independent sample t test. Data was obtained from the average value of the pretest and posttest with the help of SPSS for Windows and Microsoft Excel software. Hypothesis testing used a paired sample t test which showed a result of 0.000 < 0.05 and an independent sample t test showed 0.010 < 0.05, so it can be concluded that there is significant influence of the application of the science, environment, technology and society learning model on environmental literacy in science learning in elementary schools.