The Civil-Military Relations for State Defense Awareness: Implementation of TNI Manunggal Membangun Desa Sengkuyung in Wonosobo

TNI Manunggal Membangun Desa (TMMD) is one form of military operations other than war as regulated in Law Number 34 of 2004 concerning the ability of the Indonesian National Army (TNI) to assist local government tasks in development. It is a collaborative activity between the regional commando unit at the district level (Kodim), where the implementation process fulfils the basic elements in management. The formulation of the problem in this research is how the basic management process in the implementation of TMMD Sengkuyung Phase 3 Kodim 0707/Wonosobo and how the development of state defense awareness can be carried out through these activities. The purpose of this research is to explain how the basic management process in the implementation of TMMD Sengkuyung Phase III Kodim 0707/Wonosobo and find out what activities are carried out through TMMD Sengkuyung Phase III for the Year 2021 Kodim 0707/Wonosobo in order to increase awareness of defending the state. The method used in this study is a qualitative research method where the basic theory of management testing will be carried out on the phenomenon that occurs, namely the process of implementing TMMD Sengkuyung as an effort to increase awareness of defending the country. taking data by and snowball, collecting the are and the qualitative research


Introduction
The deployment of the Indonesian National Army (TNI) in peacetime is carried out by the Satkowil and Satnonkowil in synergy with the regional government and related agencies as well as other components of the nation that are cross-sectoral. In fostering and preparing all potential land areas to be used as defense forces which include strong space, tools and fighting conditions in accordance with the universal defense system for the benefit of national defense as well as overcoming community difficulties in the context of realizing the unity of the TNI-Society. (Guidelines for the Implementation of the TNI Manunggal Membangun Desa TMMD T.A 2021: 1) TNI oneness with the people is that the current policy direction is done by all members of the military everywhere, especially those who act as regional military commands apparatus 12 wherein the daily tasks are always dealing directly with the public. The spirit of oneness must always be nourished and strengthened continuously.
Whereas based on Law Number 34 of 2004 concerning the TNI, Article 7 paragraph (1) stipulates that: "The main task of the TNI is to uphold state sovereignty, maintain the territorial integrity of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, and protect the entire nation and the entire homeland of Indonesia from threats and disturbances to the integrity of the nation and state." The task is carried out through war military operations and military operations other than war. In military operations other than war, there are many types of tasks that must be carried out, including assisting local government tasks through early empowerment of defense areas and their supporting forces in accordance with the universal defense system.
One of them is carrying out Operasi Bakti TNI activities that directly touch the needs of people's lives.
The Operasi Bakti TNI are carried out through the TNI Manunggal Membangun Desa program known as TMMD, which is a cross-sectoral activity involving local governments.
The purpose of TMMD, among others, is so that TNI can get to know the people, know local customs and culture. The people can get to know and understand TNI better so that the potential for the unity of the TNI with the people can encourage the community towards improvements in various aspects of the life of the nation and state to create resilience. formidable territory. (Purwatiningsih, 2013:132) The activity was carried out based on the TNI Manunggal Membangun Desa Guidelines for the 2021 Fiscal Year, which contained various provisions and policy directions in the implementation of TMMD starting from the planning, organizing, implementation to evaluation stages, all these stages were carried out in an integrated and interrelated manner in accordance with the basic concepts of management.
This TMMD is carried out by a regional command unit at the Kodim level, where each Kodim has an obligation to carry out TMMD activities three times a year. As TMMD Sengkuyung Phase III Kodim 0707/Wonosobo which was held in Tumenggungan Village, Selomerto District for 30 calendar days, it also fulfilled the basic elements of management, namely planning, organizing, implementing and evaluating the implementation process. Resolusi: Jurnal Sosial Politik Vol.5 No.1 Jan-Jun 2022ISSN 2621 13

Research Methods
This study used qualitative research methods. The qualitative research method is a research method based on the philosophy of postpositivism, used to examine the condition of natural objects (as opposed to experiments) where the researcher is the key instrument, taking samples of data sources by purposive and snowball, collecting techniques by triangulation, analysis the data are inductive/qualitative, and the results of qualitative research emphasize meaning rather than generalizations. (Sugiyono, 2013) This study will obtain data obtained from various libraries obtained by researchers as well as data obtained from the Kodim 0707/Wonosbo, the Wonosobo district social service, and the Tumenggungan Village Government. The data comes from interviews, archives, or other documents related to the implementation of the TNI Manunggal Village Development Program (TMMD), especially in Wonosobo Regency and the duties of the Kodim 0707 Wonosobo, the Wonosobo Regency Regional Government and the Tumenggungan Village community in implementing the program.

Basic Management for the Implementation in Wonosobo
George R. Terry mentions management as a distinctive process consisting of planning, organizing, mobilizing and controlling actions carried out to determine and achieve the goals that have been set through the use of human resources and other resources. (Terry, 2010) At this time, the authors will use a basic theory of management put forward by George R. Terry to interpret management by preparing plans, moving activities and achieving desired results through the involvement and utilization of existing human resources in the organization. Thus it can be said that management is the ability or power to manage a business and is responsible for the success and failure of the business. The management dimension is further emphasized in accordance with the management functions, which Terry termed POAC, which stands for Planning, Organizing, Actuating, and Controlling: The TMMD program is a routine activity, so its implementation is carried out with good planning to a thorough evaluation so that it can be used as a reference in planning TMMD activities. The TMMD Sengkuyung Activity Phase 3 Kodim 0707/Wonosobo was carried out in Tumenggungan Village, Selomerto District, starting from September 15, 2021, until October 14, 2021. The implementation of this activity went through a long process. Dandim 0707/Wonosobo, who in this TMMD activity acts as the Commander of the Task Force or hereinafter referred to as Dansatgas that the implementation of this activity is divided into four major parts. The major part will be explained and described as follows.

Planning
Planning is the beginning of a series of activities arranged as a guide and control tool when the activity takes place. For the implementation of the TMMD program to be carried out according to the expected goals and objectives, it is necessary to prepare an implementation plan for the TMMD Sengkuyung Phase III Year 2021 in the Kodim 0707/Wonosobo area as a reference for implementation in the field.
The success of an organization or activity lies in achieving the goals that have been prepared by planners in the initial period of forming an existing activity plan. Planning is a process in which a leader decides on goals, sets actions to achieve those goals (strategies), allocates responsibility for executing the strategy to specific people, and measures success by comparing goals.
Planning or planning is an activity that determines the goals to be achieved and thinks about how and determining the use of facilities in achieving these facilities. (Terry, 2010) The planning of this activity began with the Command Letter of the 072/Pamungkas Korem Commander regarding orders to develop an integrated program target plan for TMMD Year 2020 (110th TMMD, 111th TMMD and 112th TMMD) and TMMD Imbangan. The name TMMD Imbangan in the Kodam IV/Diponegoro area which includes the provinces of Central Java and D.I Yogyakarta is also called TMMD Sengkuyung. That with the existence of the telegram, the Kodim as the implementing task force for TMMD issues orders to the Koramil ranks at the Kodim 0707/Wonosobo to plan the TMMD program targets for Year 2021 in their respective regions. Then draw up an integrated TMMD program target plan for Year 2021, both physical and non-physical targets by bottom-up planning, namely the process of submitting the TMMD in stages from the village to the district level.
As was the case with the Tumenggungan Village Government in 2020 that the Village Development Plan for Changes Deliberation had been carried out which decided that it would submit a proposed TMMD Sengkuyung Phase III. The proposal is made in the form of a proposal for submission to the Wonosobo Regent submitted through the sub-district head and Resolusi: Jurnal Sosial Politik Vol.5 No.1 Jan-Jun 2022ISSN 2621 15 known to the military rayon commander. The deliberation process was attended by community representatives consisting of BPD, LPMD and other community leaders.
The proposal for submitting this activity consists of the results of the village deliberation meeting which decided to propose the TMMD program in their area. After the proposal is accepted, a field inspection is carried out by the Wonosobo district social service as the executor of the district government element and Kodim 0707/Wonosobo to see and directly assess the readiness of the village government in carrying out this TMMD activity. The assessment is carried out on the basis of village categorization determined by the PMD Social Service and the results of this field inspection will be the basis for the location determination meeting to be held to decide that the location is feasible and ready to run the program with the consideration that the village is included in the category of the poor village and does not yet exist. That the plan book contains the targets to be achieved in this activity in accordance with the proposal submission and the results of the field inspection. In this activity, the planned targets to be achieved include: In planning, it must be determined in advance what to do, how to do it and who will carry out activities in an organization. A plan must contain considerations from the technical, economic, social and service aspects provided by the organization. (Terry, 2010) The existence of a plan book that has been prepared that contains the goals and objectives of the activity, the planning process has produced a guideline that can be used as a reference in the next step.
So, planning as a liaison between the current status and the goals to be achieved becomes a comparison measure in the success of an activity, and in determining a number of activities that must be carried out by all components involved in the activity. A clear plan will make it easier for each party to carry out their activities, so that they can make a maximum and positive contribution.

Organizing Process
Organizing is the management and arrangement of all available resources in the organization, both human resources and material resources. Organizational resource management is based on the right concept through each function such as task requirements, work procedures, responsibilities, and relations between functions. These functions form a relationship in the system, where one part supports another and one line depends on the other. Thus, organizing is an activity to establish a relationship between all work activities, Resolusi: Jurnal Sosial Politik Vol.5 No.1 Jan-Jun 2022ISSN 2621 17 the use of labor, and the utilization of all resources, through a formal structure with their respective authorities.
The organization that has been described by George R. Terry above provides an understanding that for an activity it will run if the organization and governance of its resources are arranged. Governance includes tasks, work procedures, responsibilities, and relationships between functions so that these functions form a relationship in a system where one part supports the other to achieve the goals and objectives that have been set.
Organizing, or in Indonesian organizing is a process concerning how the strategies and tactics that have been formulated in planning are designed in an appropriate and strong organizational structure, a conducive organizational system and environment, and can ensure that all parties in the organization can work effectively and efficiently. In order to achieve organizational goals.
A simple definition of organizing is the whole process of grouping people, tools, tasks, and authorities and responsibilities in such a way as to create an organization that can be moved as a unified whole and unanimous in order to achieve predetermined goals. Organizing is the determination of the work to be done, the grouping of tasks and dividing the work into each employee, the determination of various departments and the determination of relationships.
The purpose of this organization is to establish a role and structure where members can find out what their duties and goals are.
That to support the implementation of the TMMD Sengkuyung Phase III activity, several organizing activities were carried out, including preparing the personnel involved in the TMMD Task Force in the form of: 1. Develop the organization of the TMMD Task Force. The organization in the task force consists of the Task Force Commander, staff, Extension and Assistance Team from local government and SST. SST is a platoon-level unit as the executor of development tasks in physical targets.
2. Carry out Covid-19 free checks. This is done because it is still in a pandemic condition.
3. Provide briefing on the tasks that must be carried out and the conditions of the target area.
4. Coordinate with relevant agencies to determine personnel involved in non-physical activities. Resolusi: Jurnal Sosial Politik Vol.5 No.1 Jan-Jun 2022ISSN 2621 18 5. Carry out coordination meetings on the tasks assigned to personnel from relevant agencies.
6. The time for shifting SST troops is set to adjust the distance between the troop base and the TMMD target area so that it can arrive at the TMMD location before the day. 7. Arrange a shift schedule so that SST troops arrive at the target before dark or at night. 8. Carry out personnel checks and take an inventory of all troop equipment before departure.
9. Maintain the safety factor when shifting troops from Home Base to the TMMD location area.
10. Military rayon commando commander as SST Commander TMMD is responsible for mobilizing the local community.
11. Regulate the involvement of the local community in mutual cooperation to help with physical work together with the TMMD Task Force so that it does not interfere with their principal livelihood activities.

Implementation Process
The implementation of TMMD Sengkuyung Phase III activities in Tumenggungan Village is divided into two major parts, namely during Pre TMMD activities and implementation of TMMD. In the Pre-TMMD activity, Kodim 0707/Wonosobo together with the Wonosobo district social service carried out several activities as follows:

Establishment of the TMMD Tactical Command Post which is placed at the village hall.
This tactical command post is the control and information center for TMMD activities.

Prepare residences for TMMD Task Force personnel scattered in community homes
and centrally in public facilities buildings. The selection of the location of the personnel's residence takes into account the situation and conditions related to the Covid-19 pandemic.
3. Prepare the venue for the TMMD opening ceremony/event and the placement of personnel if the situation allows. Implement the shift of SST troops.
4. Coordination with the regional secretariat is carried out for the preparation of the mandate which will be read by Irup at the TMMD opening ceremony/event. Type-2 size L 6.00 XP 1.00 XT 2.30 M. The physical activity was carried out for 29 days starting from after the opening to one day before the closing. Every day the TMMD task force carries out work with a mutual cooperation system with residents by taking turns in each RT so that all residents feel involved in the road construction process so as to foster a sense of belonging. This is done so that this mutual cooperation does not interfere with their work. The non-physical activities carried out in TMMD Sengkuyung Phase III T.A 2021 are as follows:

Population Administration Services from the Department of Population and Civil
Registration Kab. Wonosobo. That in the implementation of this activity, 175 KIA (Child Identity Cards) services were achieved and these results were achieved thanks to thorough socialization by all members of the TMMD task force on the importance of fulfilling children's rights.
10. Health Services (Invasion of Vaccines) from the District Health Office. Wonosobo. Resolusi: Jurnal Sosial Politik Vol.5 No.1 Jan-Jun 2022ISSN 2621 20 Health Services (Vaccine Raid) from the Office of non-physical activities is a form of synergy between the Kodim and local governments as an effort to improve the quality of human resources in various aspects of life.
Actuating is an activity to move and control all organizational resources in an effort to achieve goals. In actuating, all activities are unified and the creation of cooperation from all lines, so that organizational goals can be achieved smoothly and efficiently.
The implementation process is a series of unification of all planned activities by creating cooperation from all parties involved so that the goals and objectives set in the plan can be achieved. That in the implementation of TMMD Sengkuyung Phase III activities, Kodim 0707/Wonosobo involved all existing elements including the local government and village communities in achieving the goals and targets set out in the plan.

Termination Process
At the end of the activity, military district command commander 0707/Wonosobo as the TMMD task force commander asked for an assessment of the implementation of activities from elements of the village government, community leaders, and the community in general for the implementation of this TMMD. This process is not carried out formally using a questionnaire or questionnaire, but through society visit conducted by the TMMD task force commander and its members. This method is considered more humane and increases the closeness between the TNI and the people, because the success of the implementation of this program does not only depend on the Task Force but also the role of the community in determining.
Controlling or supervision is something that needs to be carried out so that organizational members can work well together and the same movement towards achieving the goals and general goals of the organization. Supervision is carried out to measure the results of work, in order to avoid deviations, and if necessary, immediately take decisive action against various irregularities that occur. (Abbas, 2008:14) Closing activities in TMMD Sengkuyung Phase III T.A 2021 began with carrying out TMMD closing activities on D+29 day. After the closing ceremony was held, it was followed by a shift of troops from the TMMD location to the Home Base. Before carrying out the troop shift, the SST TMMD Dan carries out a final check and takes an inventory of all troop equipment. If any equipment is lost, the SST Dan makes an official report. All members of the Resolusi: Jurnal Sosial Politik Vol.5 No.1 Jan-Jun 2022ISSN 2621 21 task force are required to maintain the safety factor when shifting troops from the TMMD location area to Home Base.
The Task Force staff is obliged to report the results of the implementation of the Sengkuyung TMMD Phase III Year 2021 in the Kodim 0707/Wonosobo area to the Upper Command and conduct an evaluation meeting of activities that have been carried out.
Maintenance of the work of TMMD is fully the responsibility of the regional government of Wonosobo Regency so that it can be used for a long time for the welfare of the community.
Kodim 0707/Wonosobo gave advice to the Regional Government of Wonosobo Regency to improve the quality of TMMD results that have tactical value.

The Development of the TMMD
TNI Manunggal Membangun Desa, hereinafter referred to as TMMD, is organized by the TNI by taking into account the capabilities of the regional command units as implementing task forces. TMMD targets include physical objects in the form of rehabilitation of facilities and infrastructure damaged by natural disasters, improving regional facilities and infrastructure in rural areas including public facilities and social facilities. Non-physical activities can be in the form of socializing understanding of law enforcement, increasing awareness of defending the state and providing knowledge about agriculture, animal husbandry and other things that are needed by the community. The TMMD program will be able to improve and enhance the image of the TNI in the eyes of the people, which means that the public's positive perception of the TNI will also increase which in the end the integration and synergy or the unity of the TNI with the people will be stronger and more resilient. This realization will become a key element for the success of territorial development and community empowerment in increasing regional resilience. (Kausar, 2009) Regional resilience is a dynamic condition of the community where an area in all aspects of its life is integrated including the resilience and resilience of the community in warding off all threats, challenges, obstacles and disturbances both directly and indirectly to ensure identity, integrity and survival.
The Bakti TNI Operation is a form of concern and participation of the TNI in development which is carried out in an integrated manner with relevant agencies and involves the community as the subject of development by prioritizing the basic needs of the community as a concrete manifestation in assisting government tasks. TNI Manunggal Membangun Desa has a strategic value in order to increase the spirit and spirit of unity and integrity in the midst of the phenomenon of vulnerability to national disintegration that is currently developing as well as a means to raise awareness of defending the country on the broader community.
Defending the state is a spirit of daring to sacrifice for the sake of the homeland, whether property or even life is willing to be sacrificed for the sake of the integrity of the unitary state of the Republic of Indonesia. According to Kaelan (2007:214) and Achmad Zubaidi, State Defense is an orderly, comprehensive, integrated and sustainable determination, attitude and action of citizens based on love for the homeland and awareness of life as a nation and state. Constitution in ensuring the survival of the nation and state. The manifestation of the effort to defend the state is the readiness and willingness of every citizen to sacrifice in order to defend the independence and sovereignty of the state, national unity and integrity, territorial integrity and national jurisdiction and the values of Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. is an honor for every citizen that is carried out with full awareness, responsibility, and is willing to sacrifice in the service of the country and nation.
Defending the state is not solely the duty of the TNI, but also all citizens who are in accordance with their abilities and professions in the life of society, nation and state. As stated in Article 27 paragraph 3 of the 1945 Constitution, that State Defense efforts are the rights and obligations of every citizen. This shows the principle of democracy in the defense of the state which includes two meanings. First, that every citizen participates in determining policies regarding state defense through representative institutions in accordance with the 1945 Resolusi: Jurnal Sosial Politik Vol.5 No.1 Jan-Jun 2022ISSN 2621 23 Constitution and applicable laws. Second, that every citizen must participate in every effort to defend the state, according to their respective abilities and professions.
That in today's society awareness of State Defense needs to be instilled in order to ward off various potential threats and disturbances so that it does not always have to mean taking up arms against the enemy. But the involvement of civilian citizens in the form of nonphysical State Defense can be carried out in various forms. The physical form of State Defense is all efforts to defend the sovereignty of the state by participating directly like the people working in the real development process.
Based on Book I of the 2021 TMMD Program Implementation Guidelines, it explains that, with the maintenance of public awareness of the importance of the Development civilmilitary relations, the implementation of the TMMD Sengkuyung Phase III Year 2021 is to empower the defense area and its supporting forces in accordance with the universal defense system, assisting the tasks of the regional government, helping to cope with natural disasters, evacuation, and providing humanitarian assistance. TMMD activities have physical and nonphysical development targets, especially the construction of infrastructure, facilities and other public infrastructure that are the needs of the community, especially in Tumenggungan Village.
The purpose of implementing the TMMD activities as stated in Book III of the TMMD Implementation Guidelines regarding the Planned Target of the Integrated TNI Manunggal

Membangun Desa
Year 2021 is to assist the regional government in improving the community through physical and non-physical development and to strengthen the unity of the TNI-People in order to provide fighting space. A formidable fighting tool and fighting condition for the realization of domestic security stability. In connection with these objectives, the targets to be achieved are (Book III of the TMMD Implementation Guidelines): 5. To raise public awareness to have a culture of gotong-royong and to actively participate in developing their own region.
6. Increase national insight in the life of society, nation and state as well as awareness of defending the state.
7. Growing public awareness in a culture of discipline and order in the law in order to improve security stability.
That the Tumenggungan Village Farm Road in the form of Road Pavement with a length of 475 M and a width of 5 M was built on land owned by the residents of the Tumenggungan Village community which is owned by 11 people and the land owner voluntarily relinquished the land without any compensation for later making public facilities. This can be realized thanks to the communication carried out by Babinsa and the village government in providing understanding to the community that the existence of the farming road will increase the ease of access for residents. The informal and continuous approach unconsciously creates selfawareness from community members that they want to donate their land. Releasing land rights without compensation for the public interest is a form of participating in the defense of the state. Because prioritizing public interest above personal interest is one of the main elements in State Defense.

Conclusion
In general, the implementation of the Sengkuyung TMMD Phase III Year 2021 activities in the Kodim 0707/Wonosobo area can run in an orderly manner, and in accordance with existing plans. That the TMMD Sengkuyung is carried out from planning to completion which fulfils the basic principles of management, namely planning, organizing, actuating and controlling.
The results of the implementation of the TNI Manunggal Membangun Desa is an integrated activity involving local governments as a form of synergy. This activity prioritizes the role of the community in the implementation process can have a positive impact in helping accelerate development in the region by prioritizing the welfare of the community in order to carry out the tasks of National Defense through physical and non-physical activities that have been carried out in mutual cooperation to foster the spirit of defending the state and can realize oneness. TNI and Society.