PERAN PERSEPSI KEADILAN ORGANISASIONAL DAN NIAT BERPINDAH KERJA TERHADAP KEMALASAN SOSIAL PADA KARYAWAN RUMAH SAKIT
Keywords:
persepsi keadilan organisasional, visibilitas tugas, kepuasan kerja, niat berpindah kerja dan kemalasan sosial
persepsi keadilan organisasional, visibilitas tugas, kepuasan kerja, niat berpindah kerja dan kemalasan sosial
Abstract
Kemalasan sosial diantara karyawan pemasaran perlu menjadi perhatian besar bagi pimpinan organisasi, karena kemalasan sosial dapat menurunkan kerjasama tim dan rendahnya kinerja serta merugikan organisasi. Peran organisasi dalam menerapkan keadilan organisasional dan visibilitas tugas dapat mengarah pada tingginya kepuasan kerja, rendahnya niat berpindah kerja dan kemalasan sosial. Untuk itu, tujuan penelitian ini apakah terdapat pengaruh persepsi keadailan organisasional, visibilitas tugas, kepuasan kerja dan niat berpindah kerja terhadap kemalasan sosial karyawan pemasaran pada rumah sakit swasta tipe B di DKI Jakarta. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Agustus 2022 hingga Desember 2022 dengan menyebar kuesioner kepada 180 karyawan pemasaran rumah sakit swasta tipe B di DKI Jakarata. Metode analisis yang digunakan untuk menguji hubungan antar hipotesis penelitian ini menggunakan Structural Equation Model (SEM). Hasil temuan ini membuktikan persepsi keadilan organisasional dan visibilitas tugas berpengaruh negatif terhadap kemalasan sosial karyawan pemasaran. Hasil lainnya membuktikan persepsi keadilan organisasional berpengaruh langsung terhadap kepuasan kerja dan niat berpindah kerja dan terdapat pengaruh negatif antara kepuasan kerja terhadap niat berpindah kerja. Namun penelitian ini tidak terdapat pengaruh positif antara niat berpindah kerja terhadap kemalasan sosial. Implikasi manajerial penelitian ini menyarankan bahwa organisasi perlu berlaku adil terutama ketika karyawan pemasaran berhasil mencapai prestasi kerja maka secara distributif atasan perlu memberikan hak karyawan dengan adil atas prestasi mereka.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Abou H, E. A. (2020). Nurses' perception of organizational justice and its relationship to their workplace deviance. Nursing Ethics. Vol. 27(1). pp.273–288.
Afandi, P. (2018). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia (Teori, Konsep dan Indikator). Riau: Zanafa Publishin
Akgunduz, Y., & Eryilmaz, G. (2018). Does turnover intention mediate the effects of job insecurity and co-worker support on social loafing?. International Journal of Hospitality Management. Vol. 68. pp. 41–49. doi:10.1016/j.ijhm.2017.09.010.
Alyahya, M.A.; Elshaer, I.A.; Sobaih, A. E. E. (2022). The Impact of Job Insecurity and Distributive Injustice Post COVID-19 on Social Loafing Behavior among Hotel Workers: Mediating Role of Turnover Intention. International Journal Environ. Res. Public Health. Vol. 19. pp. 411. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010411.
Astuti, W., & Amalia, L. (2021). The Relationship between Work Motivation, Job Satisfaction, and Employee Performance: The Moderating Role of Psychology Capital and The Mediating Role of Organizational Commitment. Jurnal Manajemen Teori dan Terapan. Vol. 14(2). doi:10.20473/jmtt.v14i2.26192
Baumeister, R. F., Ainsworth, S. E., & Vohs, K. D. (2016). Are groups more or less than the sum of their members? The moderating role of individual identification. Behavior. Brain Sci. Vol. 39. pp. 137.
Byun, G., Lee, S., Karau, S. J., & Dai, Y. (2020). Sustaining Collaborative Effort in Work Teams: Exchange Ideology and Employee Social Loafing. Sustainability. Vol. 12(15). pp. 62-41. doi:10.3390/su12156241.
Celik, M. & Cıra, A. (2013). The Mediating Role of Work Overload on the Effects of Organizational Citizenship Behavior on Job Performance and Turnover Intention. Ege Academic Review. Vol. 13(1). pp. 11-20. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/eab/issue/39913/473921.
Chiu, S.I., Chen, T. Y., Chang, T. L. & Chen, C. Y. (2020). Procrastination, dependence and social loafing: comparison in high/low task visibility between active/passive procrastinators. International Journal of Psychiatry Research. Vol. 3 No. 2. pp. 1-11.
Colquitt, J. A. (2012). Organizational Justice in Kozlowski, S.W.J. (Ed.), Oxford Library of Psychology. The Oxford Handbook of Organizational Psychology, Vol. 1, Oxford University Press, pp. 526-547.
Elibol, E., & Yildiz, B. (2020). Turnover Intention Linking Compulsory Citizenship Behaviors to Social Loafing In Nurses: A Mediation Analysis. Journal of Nursing Management. Vol. 29(4). pp. 652– 662. doi:10.1111/jonm.13200
Engelbrecht, A. & Samuel, O. M. (2019). The Effect of Transformational Leadership On Intention To Quit Through Perceived Organisational Support, Organisational Justice And Trust. South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences. Vol. 22(1). pp. 2338. https://doi.org/ 10.4102/sajems.v22i1.2338.
Flint, D., Haley, L. M., & McNally, J. J. (2013). Individual and Organizational Determinants of Turnover Intention. Personnel Review. Vol.42(5). pp. 552–572. doi:10.1108/pr-03-2012-0051
George, J. M. (1992). Extrinsic And Intrinsic Origins of Perceived Social Loafing in Organizations. The Academy of Management Journal. Vol. 35(1). pp. 191–202. https://doi.org/10.2307/256478.
Gibson, J. L., Ivancevich, J. M., & Donnely, J. H. (2017). Organisasi: Perilaku, Struktur, Proses. (Terjemahan) Edisi Delapan. Jakarta: Binarupa Aksara.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2014). Multivariate Data Analysis. Exploratory Data Analysis in Business and Economics. USA: Prentice Hall International.
Hanafi, K. M., & Syah, T. Y. R. (2021). Moderating Role of Demographic Factors in the Relationship among Job Satisfaction, Work Environment, Work Motivation to Employee Performance. Jurnal Dinamika Manajemen. Vol.12(1). pp. 12-28.
Himmetoglu, B., Aydug, D., & Bayrak, C. (2022). Relationships Among Teachers' Perceptions On Coworker Social Loafing, Organizational Justice And Task Visibility. International Journal of Educational Management. Vol. 36(3). pp. 247-260. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEM-04-2021-0158.
Hurst, C., Scherer, L., & Allen, J. (2016). Distributive Justice for Volunteers. Nonprofit Management and Leadership. Vol. 27(3). pp. 411–421. doi:10.1002/nml.21251.
Jacobs, E. J., & Roodt, G. (2011). The Mediating Effect of Knowledge Sharing Between Organizational Culture and Turnover Intentions of Professional Nurses. SA Journal of Information Management.
Jones, G. R. (1984). Task Visibility, Free Riding, and Shirking: Explaining the Effect of Structure and Technology on Employee Behavior. Academy of Management Review, 9(4), 684–695. doi:10.5465/amr.1984.4277404.
Kadir, M. A. H & Amalia, L. (2017). The effect of job motivation, compensation, organizational culture towards job satisfaction and employee performance of the ministry of Man Power. International Journal of Business and Management Invention. Vol. 6 (5). pp. 73-80.
Kidwell, R. E. & Bennet, N. (1993). Employee propensity to withhold effort: A conceptual model to intersect three avenues of research. Academy of Management Review. Vol.18(3). pp. 429–456.
Mashi, M. S. (2017): The Mediating role of Job Satisfaction in the Relationship between Organizational Justice and Employee Outcomes. International Journal of Public Administration. doi: 10.1080/01900692.2017.1388819.
Mathis, R. L., and J. H. Jackson. 2016. Human Resource Management. Edisi 10 Jilid 3. Salemba Empat. Jakarta
Mengstie, M. M. (2020). Perceived Organizational Justice and Turnover Intention among Hospital Healthcare Workers. BMC Psychology. Vol. 8(1). doi:10.1186/s40359-020-0387-8.
Murphy, S. M., Wayne, S. J., Liden, R. C., & Erdogan, B. (2003). Understanding Social Loafing: The Role of Justice Perceptions and Exchange Relationships. Human Relations, 56(1), 61–84. doi:10.1177/0018726703056001450
Mustafa, M., Ramos, H. M., & Badri, S. K. Z. (2020). Determining nonfamily employees’ job satisfaction and turnover intentions: the roles of job autonomy and work passion. Journal of Family Business Management. doi:10.1108/jfbm-08-2020-0079
Niam, J., & Syah, T. Y. R. (2019). Pengaruh Motivasi, Kepemimpinan dan Budaya Organisasi terhadap Kepuasan Kerja serta Dampaknya pada Kinerja Karyawan. Jurnal Optimasi Sistem Industri. Vol. 12(2).
Niehoff, B. P., & Moorman, R. H. (1993). Justice as a Mediator of the Relationship Between Methods of Monitoring and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Academy of Management Journal. Vol. 36(3). pp. 527–556. doi:10.5465/256591.
Prasetyo, R., Purwandari, D. A., & Syah, T. Y. R. (2021). The Effect of Customers’ Incivility and Work stress on Job Satisfaction through Burnout. Journal of Economics, Business, and Accountancy Ventura. Vol. 23(3). pp. 390 – 401
Price, K. H., Harrison, D. A., & Gavin, J. H. (2006). Withholding inputs in team contexts: Member composition, interaction processes, evaluation structure, and social loafing. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(6), 1375–1384. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.91.6.1375 Recario, R.N., Robles, M.B., Bautista, K.E., & Pabico, J.P. (2015). Social Loafing Among Members of Undergraduate Software Engineering Groups: Persistence of Perception Seven Years After. ArXiv, abs/1509.05338.
Robbins, S. T., & Judge, T. A. (2016). Perilaku Organisasi Edisi 16. Jakarta: Salemba Empat.
Thanh, V. B., & Toan, N. V. (2015). The Relationship between Organizational Justice and Social Loafing in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business. Vol 5. No 3. pp. 179-183.
Zahednezhad, H., Hoseini, M. A., Ebadi, A., Farokhnezhad Afshar, P., & Ghanei Gheshlagh, R. (2020). Investigating the relationship between organizational justice, job satisfaction, and intention to leave the nursing profession: A cross‐sectional study. Journal of Advanced Nursing. doi:10.1111/jan.14717.
Afandi, P. (2018). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia (Teori, Konsep dan Indikator). Riau: Zanafa Publishin
Akgunduz, Y., & Eryilmaz, G. (2018). Does turnover intention mediate the effects of job insecurity and co-worker support on social loafing?. International Journal of Hospitality Management. Vol. 68. pp. 41–49. doi:10.1016/j.ijhm.2017.09.010.
Alyahya, M.A.; Elshaer, I.A.; Sobaih, A. E. E. (2022). The Impact of Job Insecurity and Distributive Injustice Post COVID-19 on Social Loafing Behavior among Hotel Workers: Mediating Role of Turnover Intention. International Journal Environ. Res. Public Health. Vol. 19. pp. 411. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010411.
Astuti, W., & Amalia, L. (2021). The Relationship between Work Motivation, Job Satisfaction, and Employee Performance: The Moderating Role of Psychology Capital and The Mediating Role of Organizational Commitment. Jurnal Manajemen Teori dan Terapan. Vol. 14(2). doi:10.20473/jmtt.v14i2.26192
Baumeister, R. F., Ainsworth, S. E., & Vohs, K. D. (2016). Are groups more or less than the sum of their members? The moderating role of individual identification. Behavior. Brain Sci. Vol. 39. pp. 137.
Byun, G., Lee, S., Karau, S. J., & Dai, Y. (2020). Sustaining Collaborative Effort in Work Teams: Exchange Ideology and Employee Social Loafing. Sustainability. Vol. 12(15). pp. 62-41. doi:10.3390/su12156241.
Celik, M. & Cıra, A. (2013). The Mediating Role of Work Overload on the Effects of Organizational Citizenship Behavior on Job Performance and Turnover Intention. Ege Academic Review. Vol. 13(1). pp. 11-20. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/eab/issue/39913/473921.
Chiu, S.I., Chen, T. Y., Chang, T. L. & Chen, C. Y. (2020). Procrastination, dependence and social loafing: comparison in high/low task visibility between active/passive procrastinators. International Journal of Psychiatry Research. Vol. 3 No. 2. pp. 1-11.
Colquitt, J. A. (2012). Organizational Justice in Kozlowski, S.W.J. (Ed.), Oxford Library of Psychology. The Oxford Handbook of Organizational Psychology, Vol. 1, Oxford University Press, pp. 526-547.
Elibol, E., & Yildiz, B. (2020). Turnover Intention Linking Compulsory Citizenship Behaviors to Social Loafing In Nurses: A Mediation Analysis. Journal of Nursing Management. Vol. 29(4). pp. 652– 662. doi:10.1111/jonm.13200
Engelbrecht, A. & Samuel, O. M. (2019). The Effect of Transformational Leadership On Intention To Quit Through Perceived Organisational Support, Organisational Justice And Trust. South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences. Vol. 22(1). pp. 2338. https://doi.org/ 10.4102/sajems.v22i1.2338.
Flint, D., Haley, L. M., & McNally, J. J. (2013). Individual and Organizational Determinants of Turnover Intention. Personnel Review. Vol.42(5). pp. 552–572. doi:10.1108/pr-03-2012-0051
George, J. M. (1992). Extrinsic And Intrinsic Origins of Perceived Social Loafing in Organizations. The Academy of Management Journal. Vol. 35(1). pp. 191–202. https://doi.org/10.2307/256478.
Gibson, J. L., Ivancevich, J. M., & Donnely, J. H. (2017). Organisasi: Perilaku, Struktur, Proses. (Terjemahan) Edisi Delapan. Jakarta: Binarupa Aksara.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2014). Multivariate Data Analysis. Exploratory Data Analysis in Business and Economics. USA: Prentice Hall International.
Hanafi, K. M., & Syah, T. Y. R. (2021). Moderating Role of Demographic Factors in the Relationship among Job Satisfaction, Work Environment, Work Motivation to Employee Performance. Jurnal Dinamika Manajemen. Vol.12(1). pp. 12-28.
Himmetoglu, B., Aydug, D., & Bayrak, C. (2022). Relationships Among Teachers' Perceptions On Coworker Social Loafing, Organizational Justice And Task Visibility. International Journal of Educational Management. Vol. 36(3). pp. 247-260. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEM-04-2021-0158.
Hurst, C., Scherer, L., & Allen, J. (2016). Distributive Justice for Volunteers. Nonprofit Management and Leadership. Vol. 27(3). pp. 411–421. doi:10.1002/nml.21251.
Jacobs, E. J., & Roodt, G. (2011). The Mediating Effect of Knowledge Sharing Between Organizational Culture and Turnover Intentions of Professional Nurses. SA Journal of Information Management.
Jones, G. R. (1984). Task Visibility, Free Riding, and Shirking: Explaining the Effect of Structure and Technology on Employee Behavior. Academy of Management Review, 9(4), 684–695. doi:10.5465/amr.1984.4277404.
Kadir, M. A. H & Amalia, L. (2017). The effect of job motivation, compensation, organizational culture towards job satisfaction and employee performance of the ministry of Man Power. International Journal of Business and Management Invention. Vol. 6 (5). pp. 73-80.
Kidwell, R. E. & Bennet, N. (1993). Employee propensity to withhold effort: A conceptual model to intersect three avenues of research. Academy of Management Review. Vol.18(3). pp. 429–456.
Mashi, M. S. (2017): The Mediating role of Job Satisfaction in the Relationship between Organizational Justice and Employee Outcomes. International Journal of Public Administration. doi: 10.1080/01900692.2017.1388819.
Mathis, R. L., and J. H. Jackson. 2016. Human Resource Management. Edisi 10 Jilid 3. Salemba Empat. Jakarta
Mengstie, M. M. (2020). Perceived Organizational Justice and Turnover Intention among Hospital Healthcare Workers. BMC Psychology. Vol. 8(1). doi:10.1186/s40359-020-0387-8.
Murphy, S. M., Wayne, S. J., Liden, R. C., & Erdogan, B. (2003). Understanding Social Loafing: The Role of Justice Perceptions and Exchange Relationships. Human Relations, 56(1), 61–84. doi:10.1177/0018726703056001450
Mustafa, M., Ramos, H. M., & Badri, S. K. Z. (2020). Determining nonfamily employees’ job satisfaction and turnover intentions: the roles of job autonomy and work passion. Journal of Family Business Management. doi:10.1108/jfbm-08-2020-0079
Niam, J., & Syah, T. Y. R. (2019). Pengaruh Motivasi, Kepemimpinan dan Budaya Organisasi terhadap Kepuasan Kerja serta Dampaknya pada Kinerja Karyawan. Jurnal Optimasi Sistem Industri. Vol. 12(2).
Niehoff, B. P., & Moorman, R. H. (1993). Justice as a Mediator of the Relationship Between Methods of Monitoring and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Academy of Management Journal. Vol. 36(3). pp. 527–556. doi:10.5465/256591.
Prasetyo, R., Purwandari, D. A., & Syah, T. Y. R. (2021). The Effect of Customers’ Incivility and Work stress on Job Satisfaction through Burnout. Journal of Economics, Business, and Accountancy Ventura. Vol. 23(3). pp. 390 – 401
Price, K. H., Harrison, D. A., & Gavin, J. H. (2006). Withholding inputs in team contexts: Member composition, interaction processes, evaluation structure, and social loafing. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(6), 1375–1384. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.91.6.1375 Recario, R.N., Robles, M.B., Bautista, K.E., & Pabico, J.P. (2015). Social Loafing Among Members of Undergraduate Software Engineering Groups: Persistence of Perception Seven Years After. ArXiv, abs/1509.05338.
Robbins, S. T., & Judge, T. A. (2016). Perilaku Organisasi Edisi 16. Jakarta: Salemba Empat.
Thanh, V. B., & Toan, N. V. (2015). The Relationship between Organizational Justice and Social Loafing in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business. Vol 5. No 3. pp. 179-183.
Zahednezhad, H., Hoseini, M. A., Ebadi, A., Farokhnezhad Afshar, P., & Ghanei Gheshlagh, R. (2020). Investigating the relationship between organizational justice, job satisfaction, and intention to leave the nursing profession: A cross‐sectional study. Journal of Advanced Nursing. doi:10.1111/jan.14717.
